Last updated: April 24, 2026
Welcome to NetPsychology (“we”, “us”, “our”, or “the Site”), available at netpsychology.org. These Terms of Use (“Terms”) govern your access to and use of this website and its content.
By accessing or using NetPsychology, you agree to be bound by these Terms. If you do not agree with any part of these Terms, please do not use this Site.
1. About This Site
NetPsychology is an independent educational publication owned and operated by Octavio Ortega Esteban, based in Toledo, Spain. The Site publishes articles, commentary, and educational content on the psychology of digital environments, grounded in peer-reviewed research.
NetPsychology is not affiliated with any university, clinical practice, research institution, or governmental body.
2. Educational Purpose — Not Professional Advice
All content published on NetPsychology is provided for informational and educational purposes only.
Nothing on this Site constitutes, or is intended to constitute:
- Medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment
- Psychological, psychiatric, or therapeutic advice
- A substitute for consultation with a licensed mental health professional
- A professional-client or therapist-patient relationship of any kind
Although the author holds a Degree in Psychology from the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), the content published on NetPsychology reflects educational commentary on published research and does not constitute the practice of psychology, counseling, or any regulated health profession.
If you are experiencing mental health difficulties, suicidal thoughts, or psychological distress, please contact a qualified mental health professional or emergency services in your country immediately.
In Spain, accredited psychologists can be found through the Consejo General de la Psicología. For mental health emergencies in Spain, call 024 (suicide prevention line) or 112 (general emergencies). International readers should consult local healthcare providers or emergency services.
You acknowledge and agree that any reliance on information obtained from this Site is strictly at your own risk.
3. Accuracy and Editorial Process
We strive to publish accurate, well-sourced content based on peer-reviewed research. All articles are editorially reviewed before publication for factual accuracy, source quality, and clarity.
However, we make no warranties or representations regarding:
- The completeness, accuracy, or timeliness of any content
- The availability of cited external sources
- The interpretation of research findings discussed on the Site
Scientific understanding evolves. Articles reflect the state of research at the time of publication or last update, and may not reflect the most current findings. If you identify a factual error or outdated citation, please contact us at octavio@kerchak.com and we will review and update the content as appropriate.
4. Intellectual Property
4.1 Our Content
All original content published on NetPsychology — including articles, graphics, images, logos, site design, and code — is the property of Octavio Ortega Esteban or its respective creators, and is protected by Spanish and international copyright laws.
4.2 Permitted Use
You may:
- Read, view, and share links to our content for personal, non-commercial use
- Quote short excerpts (under 150 words) with proper attribution and a link back to the original article
You may not:
- Reproduce, republish, or redistribute full articles without written permission
- Use our content to train machine learning or artificial intelligence models without express written consent
- Modify, translate, or create derivative works without permission
- Use our content for commercial purposes without a licensing agreement
- Remove copyright notices, author attributions, or source citations
4.3 Third-Party Content
Some articles may include quotations, images, or references from third-party sources used under fair use principles for educational commentary. All third-party content remains the property of its respective owners.
4.4 Permission Requests
For reprint, translation, or licensing requests, contact octavio@kerchak.com.
5. User Conduct
When interacting with this Site (including comments, contact forms, or any other interactive features), you agree not to:
- Post content that is unlawful, defamatory, harassing, or threatening
- Impersonate any person or entity
- Post medical or psychological advice directed at other users
- Submit spam, advertising, or affiliate links without authorization
- Attempt to gain unauthorized access to the Site or its underlying systems
- Use automated tools to scrape, crawl, or extract content at scale
- Upload malicious code, viruses, or harmful software
- Violate any applicable local, national, or international law
We reserve the right to remove any user-submitted content and to restrict access to users who violate these Terms.
6. Comments and User Submissions
If the Site permits user comments or submissions:
- You retain ownership of content you post
- You grant NetPsychology a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to display, reproduce, and moderate your submissions in connection with the Site
- You are solely responsible for the legality and accuracy of your submissions
- We may moderate, edit, or remove comments at our discretion without notice
- Comments do not represent the views of NetPsychology or its author
7. Third-Party Links and Services
NetPsychology contains links to third-party websites, including academic sources, news outlets, and reference materials. These links are provided for convenience and educational context.
We do not control, endorse, or assume responsibility for:
- The content, accuracy, or practices of third-party sites
- Any products, services, or information offered by third parties
- The privacy policies or terms of use of external sites
Accessing third-party sites is at your own risk.
8. Advertising and Affiliate Disclosure
NetPsychology is funded in part through advertising and may participate in affiliate programs. This means:
- Third-party advertising networks (including Google AdSense) may serve ads based on your browsing activity, subject to our Cookie Policy and Privacy Policy
- Some outbound links may be affiliate links, meaning we may earn a small commission at no additional cost to you if you make a purchase
- Advertising and affiliate relationships do not influence our editorial content or research citations
- Sponsored content, if ever published, will be clearly labeled as such
9. Disclaimer of Warranties
THE SITE AND ALL CONTENT ARE PROVIDED ON AN “AS IS” AND “AS AVAILABLE” BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO:
- Warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose
- Warranties that the Site will be uninterrupted, secure, or error-free
- Warranties regarding the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of content
- Warranties that defects will be corrected
To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, we disclaim all warranties, express or implied, in connection with the Site and your use thereof.
10. Limitation of Liability
To the fullest extent permitted by law, Octavio Ortega Esteban and NetPsychology shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or punitive damages — including but not limited to damages for loss of profits, data, goodwill, psychological harm, or other intangible losses — arising out of or in connection with:
- Your access to, use of, or inability to use the Site
- Any content published on or linked from the Site
- Any decision made or action taken based on information obtained from the Site
- Any unauthorized access to or alteration of your data
This limitation applies regardless of the legal theory of liability (contract, tort, negligence, or otherwise), even if we have been advised of the possibility of such damages.
Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of certain warranties or liabilities, so some of the above limitations may not apply to you.
11. Indemnification
You agree to indemnify, defend, and hold harmless Octavio Ortega Esteban and NetPsychology from and against any claims, damages, losses, liabilities, costs, and expenses (including reasonable legal fees) arising out of or related to:
- Your violation of these Terms
- Your misuse of the Site or its content
- Your violation of any applicable law or the rights of any third party
12. Privacy and Data Protection
Your use of this Site is also governed by our Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy, which describe how we collect, use, and protect your personal data in accordance with the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and Spanish data protection law.
13. Changes to These Terms
We may update these Terms from time to time to reflect changes in our practices, legal requirements, or site functionality. The “Last updated” date at the top of this page indicates when these Terms were last revised.
Continued use of the Site after changes are posted constitutes acceptance of the revised Terms. We encourage you to review this page periodically.
14. Termination
We reserve the right to restrict or terminate your access to the Site at any time, without notice, for any reason — including but not limited to violation of these Terms.
15. Governing Law and Jurisdiction
These Terms are governed by the laws of Spain, without regard to its conflict of law provisions.
Any dispute arising from or relating to these Terms or your use of the Site shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of Toledo, Spain, except where mandatory consumer protection laws of your country of residence require otherwise.
For users in the European Union, you may also have recourse to the EU Online Dispute Resolution platform.
16. Severability
If any provision of these Terms is found to be unenforceable or invalid, that provision shall be limited or eliminated to the minimum extent necessary so that the remaining Terms remain in full force and effect.
17. Entire Agreement
These Terms, together with our Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy, constitute the entire agreement between you and NetPsychology regarding your use of the Site.
18. Contact
If you have questions about these Terms, please contact:
Octavio Ortega Esteban
NetPsychology
Toledo, Spain
Email: octavio@kerchak.com
Website: netpsychology.org
These Terms of Use were last reviewed and updated on April 24, 2026.